Instrumentos en español para la evaluación del funcionamiento y las actividades de la vida diaria en esquizofrenia: ¿qué miden? / Spanish Versions of assessment tools for functioning and activities daily living in schizophrenia: What do they measure?

Desde la perspectiva de la rehabilitación psicosocial, para la recuperación de las personas diagnosticadas de esquizo-frenia es fundamental el uso de instrumentos basados en un marco teórico que evalúen el nivel de funcionamiento en las actividades de la vida diaria y que cuenten con buenas propiedades clinimétricas. En España, es muy frecuente el uso de escalas traducidas de otros idiomas, fundamental-mente el inglés. Esto supone que el instrumento debe pasar por un proceso de adaptación, no solo traducción. El objeti-vo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión y comparación de diferentes instrumentos utilizados para la evaluación del funcionamiento psicosocial en la población española centra-dos en las actividades de la vida diaria. Se han seleccionado instrumentos adaptados al español en los últimos 19 años y dirigidos a personas diagnosticadas con un trastorno men-tal grave, principalmente esquizofrenia. Los resultados del estudio muestran la escasez de instrumentos adaptados a población española, así como deficiencias en el proceso de adaptación, relacionadas con la traducción, la confusión de conceptos o las propiedades métricas de la escala. En conclu-sión, la conceptualización y evaluación del funcionamiento en este ámbito continúa siendo un tema complejo y con-trovertido. La creación de nuevos instrumentos desarrollados desde una aproximación teórica, como la Clasificación Inter-nacional de la Discapacidad, el Funcionamiento y la Salud (CIF)1, pueden ser de gran ayuda para mejorar la evaluación y, en consecuencia, el tratamiento psicosocial de personas diagnosticadas de un trastorno psicótico

From the psychosocial rehabilitation perspective, the use of instruments based on a theoretical framework to assess the level of functioning in activities of daily living with good clinimetric properties is essential for people diagnosed with schizophrenia. In Spain, scales translated from other languages, usually English, are very frequently used; this involves a process of adaptation, beyond translation. The objective of this study was to review and compare a series of different scales used in psychosocial func-tioning assessment in the Spanish population focused on daily living activities. The selected instruments have been adapted into Spanish over the last 19 years and are aimed at people diagnosed with a severe mental disorder, usually schizophrenia. The results showed that the number of instruments adapted to the Spanish population was small, with several shortcomings in the adaptation process, either in translation, the confusion of concepts or metric properties of the scale. In conclusion, the conceptualisation and assessment of functioning in this field remains a complex and controversial issue. The development of new instruments based on a theoretical approach, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)1 may be a great help in improving the psychosocial treatment of people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder

Spanish versions of assessment tools for functioning and activities daily living in schizophrenia: What do they measure?

From the psychosocial rehabilitation perspective, the use of instruments based on a theoretical framework to assess the level of functioning in activities of daily living with good clinimetric properties is essential for people diagnosed with schizophrenia. In Spain, scales translated from other languages, usually English, are very frequently used; this involves a process of adaptation, beyond translation. The objective of this study was to review and compare a series of different scales used in psychosocial functioning assessment in the Spanish population focused on daily living activities. The selected instruments have been adapted into Spanish over the last 19 years and are aimed at people diagnosed with a severe mental disorder, usually schizophrenia. The results showed that the number of instruments adapted to the Spanish population was small, with several shortcomings in the adaptation process, either in translation, the confusion of concepts or metric properties of the scale. In conclusion, the conceptualisation and assessment of functioning in this field remains a complex and controversial issue. The development of new instruments based on a theoretical approach, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)1 may be a great help in improving the psychosocial treatment of people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.